Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
Volume 1801, Issue 3, Pages 240-245Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.09.009
Keywords
Gut microbiota; Lipid metabolism; Obesity
Funding
- Human Frontier of Science Program [RGY64/2008]
- Swedish Research Council [K2007-65X-20421-01-04]
- Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [A3 05:207c]
- EU [FP7-KBBE-222639]
- Ake Wiberg, Lars Hierta's, Nanna Svartz, Fredrik and Ingrid Thurings Foundations
- Vistra Gotalandsregionen
- NIH [K08DK073282, P60 DK020579]
- [UL1 RR024992]
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR ADVANCING TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCES [UL1TR000448] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL CENTER FOR RESEARCH RESOURCES [UL1RR024992] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [K08DK073282, P60DK020579] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The creative use of gnotobiotic animals, coupled with the development of modern metagenomic sequencing platforms and metabolomic profiling of biospecimens, has bestowed new insight into the remarkably intricate interface between the host mammal and its resident microbiota. As mutual benefactors, each partner exhibits evidence of adaptation: the host provides a hospitable habitat, giving consideration to its own species of origin, diet, genotype, geographical location, presence or absence of disease, and use of medications; the microbiota, in turn, configures its constituency, collective genome (microbiome), transcriptome, and metabolome to optimally suit its ecological niche. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms through which the gut microbiota and its host collaborate to regulate lipid metabolism, thereby influencing the metabolic response to nutrient intake and ultimately, the development of obesity and associated diseases such as lipotoxicity. These studies therefore demonstrate that the gut microbiota is an environmental influence whose synergistic interdependence with its host strongly suggests that we are in fact supraorganisms. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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