Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS
Volume 1801, Issue 4, Pages 405-414Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2009.12.004
Keywords
Fatty acid 2-hydroxylase; Fatty acid alpha-hydroxylase; FA2H; Hydroxy fatty acid; Hydroxy sphingolipids
Funding
- National Institutes of Health [NS056075, NS060807]
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2-Hydroxy fatty acids (hFA) are important components of a subset of mammalian sphingolipids. The presence of hFA in sphingolipids is best described in the nervous system. epidermis, and kidney However, the literature also indicates that various hFA-sphingolipids are present in additional tissues and cell types, as well as in tumors Biosynthesis of hFA-sphingolipids requires fatty acid 2-hydroyxlase, and degradation of hFA-sphingolipids depends, at least in part, on lysosomal acid ceramidase and the peroxisomal fatty acid alpha-oxidation pathway Mutations in the fatty acid 2-hydroxylase gene, FA2H. have been associated with leukodystrophy and spastic paraparesis in humans, underscoring the importance of hFA-sphingolipids in the nervous system In the epidermis, hFA-ceramides are essential for the permeability barner function Physiological function of hFA-sphingolipids in other organs remains largely unknown Recent evidence indicates that hFA-sphingolipids have specific roles in cell signaling. (C) 2009 Elsevier B V. All rights reserved
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