Transcription-associated quality control of mRNP

Although a prime purpose of transcription is to produce RNA, a substantial amount of transcript is nevertheless turned over very early in its lifetime. During transcription RNAs are matured by nucleases from longer precursors and activities are also employed to exert quality control over the RNA synthesis process so as to discard, retain or transcriptionally silence unwanted molecules. In this review we discuss the somewhat paradoxical circumstance that the retention or turnover of RNA is often linked to its synthesis. This occurs via the association of chromatin, or the transcription elongation complex, with RNA degradation (co)factors. Although our main focus is on protein-coding genes, we also discuss mechanisms of transcription-connected turnover of non-protein-coding RNA from where important general principles are derived. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: RNA polymerase II Transcript Elongation. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.