Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS
Volume 1789, Issue 9-10, Pages 571-583Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2009.05.005
Keywords
RNA structure; RNA structural switch; RNA-protein interaction; RNA pseudoknot; RNA virus replication; RNA processing
Categories
Funding
- NSF [MCB-0615154]
- U. S. Public Health Service [GM 061515-05A2/G120CD, P30 DK034854]
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [P30DK034854] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF GENERAL MEDICAL SCIENCES [R01GM061515, R01GM042504] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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The rugged nature of the RNA structural free energy landscape allows cellular RNAs to respond to environmental conditions or fluctuating levels of effector molecules by undergoing dynamic conformational changes that switch on or off activities such as catalysis, transcription or translation. Infectious RNAs must also temporally control incompatible activities and rapidly complete their life cycle before being targeted by cellular defenses. Viral genomic RNAs must switch between translation and replication, and untranslated subviral RNAs must control other activities such as RNA editing or self-cleavage. Unlike well characterized riboswitches in cellular RNAs, the control of infectious RNA activities by altering the configuration of functional RNA domains has only recently been recognized. In this review, we will present some of these molecular rearrangements found in RNA viruses, viroids and virus-associated RNAs, relating how these dynamic regions were discovered, the activities that might be regulated, and what factors or conditions might cause a switch between conformations. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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