Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES
Volume 1818, Issue 2, Pages 337-347Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.10.031
Keywords
Secondary transporter; Molecular mechanism; Substrate specificity; Ion selectivity; Water permeation
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Funding
- National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) [RGPIN-315019]
- AIHS
- AITF
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The recent determination of high-resolution crystal structures of several transporters offers unprecedented insights into the structural mechanisms behind secondary transport. These proteins utilize the facilitated diffusion of the ions down their electrochemical gradients to transport the substrate against its concentration gradient. The structural studies revealed striking similarities in the structural organization of ion and solute binding sites and a well-conserved inverted-repeat topology between proteins from several gene families. In this paper we will overview recent atomistic simulations applied to study the mechanisms of selective binding of ion and substrate in LeuT, Glt, vSGLT and hSERT as well as its consequences for the transporter conformational dynamics. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane protein structure and function. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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