Journal
BIOCHEMISTRY-MOSCOW
Volume 75, Issue 5, Pages 535-548Publisher
MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1134/S0006297910050019
Keywords
lysine; methylation of nonhistone proteins; p53; posttranslational modification; Stellate
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Funding
- Russian Academy of Sciences Presidium Program for Fundamental Research [NSh-3464.2008.4]
- Russian Foundation for Basic Research [08-04-00087a]
- [02.740.11.0288]
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This review is devoted to the dramatically expanding investigations of lysine methylation on nonhistone proteins and its functional importance. Posttranslational covalent modifications of proteins provide living organisms with ability to rapidly change protein activity and function in response to various stimuli. Enzymatic protein methylation at different lysine residues was evaluated in histones as a part of the histone code. Histone methyltransferases methylate not only histones, but also many nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. Recent data show that the regulatory role of lysine methylation on proteins is not restricted to the histone code. This modification modulates activation, stabilization, and degradation of nonhistone proteins, thus influencing numerous cell processes. In this review we particularly focused on methylation of transcription factors and other nuclear nonhistone proteins. The methylated lysine residues serve as markers attracting nuclear reader proteins that possess different chromatin-modifying activities.
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