Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 291, Issue 5511, Pages 2141-2144Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.291.5511.2141
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Herbivore attack is known to increase the emission of volatiles, which attract predators to herbivore-damaged plants in the laboratory and agricultural systems. We quantified volatile emissions from Nicotiana attenuata plants growing in natural populations during attack by three species of leaf-feeding herbivores and mimicked the release of five commonly emitted volatiles individually. Three compounds (cis-3-hexen-1-ol, Linalool, and cis-alpha -bergamotene) increased egg predation rates by a generalist predator; Linalool and the complete blend decreased Lepidopteran oviposition rates. As a consequence, a plant could reduce the number of herbivores by more than 90% by releasing volatiles. These results confirm that indirect defenses can operate in nature.
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