Journal
BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 53, Issue 11, Pages 1779-1788Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/bi401439n
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Funding
- Texas Institute for Drug and Diagnostic Development of The University of Texas at Austin [TI-3D]
- Welch Foundation [F-1511]
- National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
- Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Basic Energy Science (BES)
- NIH [GM082085]
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Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a nuclear protein that plays key roles in several fundamental cellular processes. PARP-1 catalyzes the polymerization of; nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide on itself and other acceptor proteins, forming long branched poly(ADP-ribose) polymers. The catalytic activity of PARP-1 is stimulated upon binding to damaged DNA, but how this signal is transmitted from the N-terminal DNA binding domain to the C-terminal catalytic domain in the context of the full-length enzyme is unknown. In this paper, small-angle X-ray scattering experiments and molecular dynamics simulations were used to gain insight into the conformational changes that occur during the catalytic activation of PARP-1 by an 8-mer DNA ligand. The data are consistent with a model in which binding of the DNA ligand establishes interdomain interactions between the DNA binding and catalytic domains, which induces an allosteric change in the active site that promotes catalysis. Moreover, the PARP-1-8-mer complex is seen to adopt a conformation that is poised to recruit DNA repair factors to the site of DNA damage. This study provides the first structural information about the DNA-induced conformational activation of full-length PARP-1.
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