Journal
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
Volume 75, Issue 7, Pages 3483-3487Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/JVI.75.7.3483-3487.2001
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI028691, AI-28691, R37 AI020729, R01 AI020729] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R56 NS041198, NS-41198, NS-01919, R01 NS041198] Funding Source: Medline
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Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by a reactivation of the polyomavirus JC (JCV) within a setting of immunosuppression, The nature of the immune response that contains replication of this virus is unknown. We have explored JCV-specific cellular immune responses in patients with PML and control subjects. JCV antigen-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of four human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who were survivors of PML and one HIV-uninfected patient recently diagnosed with PML lysed autologous B-lymphoblastoid cell lines expressing either the JCV T regulatory protein or the VP1 major capsid protein. This lysis was mediated by CD8(+) T lymphocytes and was major histocompatibility complex class I restricted. These cells were therefore cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). JCV-specific CTL could not be detected in PBMC of three HIV-infected PML patients who had progressive neurologic disease and an eventual fatal outcome. These data suggest that the JCV-specific cellular immune response may play a crucial role in the containment of PML. This finding may also prove useful as a favorable prognostic marker in the clinical management of these patients.
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