Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 183, Issue 8, Pages 1285-1289Publisher
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
DOI: 10.1086/319683
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [RR-00083] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI-25897, AI-40312, AI-43864, AI-41867] Funding Source: Medline
- NIMH NIH HHS [MH-59037] Funding Source: Medline
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Clinical histories are reported for 2 patients treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) who experienced multiple relapses of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis, despite suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viremia and improvement in CD4(+) T cell counts (to >400 cells/muL). CMV-specific CD4+ T cell immune reconstitution was measured directly, using cytokine flow cytometry, which revealed persistent deficits in CMV-specific CD4(+) T cell responses in both patients. CMV-specific T cells constituted 0.14% and 0.05% of the total CD4(+) T cell count in these patients, which is significantly lower than the percentages for 34 control subjects (0.6%-46%; CD4(+) T cell count range, 7-1039 cells/muL; P = .019). Deficits in pathogen-specific immune responses may persist in some individuals, despite suppression of HIV-1 replication and substantial increases in circulating CD4(+) T cells after HAART, and such deficits may be associated with significant morbidity from opportunistic infections.
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