Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
Volume 105, Issue 15, Pages 3039-3044Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jp003499s
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Transparent nanostructured NiO electrodes have been prepared by heating Ni(OH)(2) sol-gel films at a temperature of 300-320 degreesC. Nanostructured NiO (bunsenite) behaves as a p-type semiconductor and has an indirect band gap of 3.55 eV. It shows a strong anodic electrochromic effect, as it changes color from transparent to brown-black upon application of positive potentials. This effect is caused by oxidation of Ni atoms located at the NiO/electrolyte interface. Electrochemical oxidation reactions are highly reversible in both aqueous and nonaqueous electrolytes. In aqueous electrolyte, the half-potentials show a Nernstian pH dependence, whereas in nonaqueous electrolytes, the type of cation present determines the shape and position of the cyclic voltammogram.
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