Yeast mRNA localization: protein asymmetry, organelle localization and response to stress

The localization of mRNA forms a key facet of the post-transcriptional control of gene expression and recent evidence suggests that it may be considerably more widespread than previously anticipated. For example, defined mRNA-containing granules can be associated with translational repression or activation. Furthermore, mRNA P-bodies (processing bodies) harbour much of the mRNA decay machinery and stress granules are thought to play a role in mRNA storage. In the present review, we explore the process of mRNA localization in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, examining connections between organellar mRNA localization and the response to stress. We also review recent data suggesting that even where there is a global relocalization of mRNA, the specificity and kinetics of this process can be regulated.