Endoscopic ablation with cyanoacrylate glue for isolated gastric variceal bleeding

Background: Endoscopic ablation with cyanoacrylate glue may achieve gastric variceal obliteration. A prospective evaluation of its therapeutic effects on bleeding gastric varices was conducted, focusing on endoscopic features. Methods: Thirty-seven patients with bleeding gastric varices underwent endoscopic ablation with cyanoacrylate. Results: Patients with localized-type gastric varices (n = 14) had a better clinical course in terms of recurrent bleeding, variceal eradication, and survival than those with diffuse-type gastric varices (n = 23) after endoscopic ablation with cyanoacrylate. These clinical effects were related to the vascular anatomy of the gastric varices as determined by varicography and 3-dimensional CT. Type 1 vascular anatomy tone varicose vessel without noticeable ramifications) was much more common (86%) in localized-type gastric varices, whereas type 2 vascular anatomy (multiple varicose vessels with complex connecting ramifications) was found almost exclusively (91%) in diffuse-type gastric varices. Conclusions. Endoscopic ablation with cyanoacrylate is an effective and safe procedure for patients with bleeding gastric varices. Determination of variceal anatomy may be useful for improving treatment strategies for such patients.