Journal
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
Volume 449, Issue -, Pages 661-672Publisher
PORTLAND PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.1042/BJ20120213
Keywords
ezrin/radixin/moesin (ERM); ERM phosphorylation; filopodia formation; scaffolding protein; sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor
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Funding
- MERIT Award from the Office of Research and Development, Department of Veterans Affairs, Ralph H. Johnson VA Medical Center [BX000156-01A1]
- US Department of Education Graduate Assistance in Areas of National Need (GAANN) in Lipid Biology and New Technologies [P200A070596]
- National Institutes of Health [HL-007260]
- National Cancer Institute [R01-CA87584, P01-CA97132]
- National Institutes of Health National Institute of General Medical Sciences [R01-GM062887]
- Cancer Center Support Grant [P30 CA138313]
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Previously we demonstrated that the sphingolipids ceramide and S1P (sphingosine 1-phosphate) regulate phosphorylation of the ERM (ezrin/radixin/moesin) family of cytoskeletal proteins [Canals, Jenkins, Roddy, Hernande-Corbacho, Obeid and Hannun (2010) J. Biol. Chem. 285,32476-3285]. In the present article, we show that exogenously applied or endogenously generated S1P (in a sphingosine kinase-dependent manner) results in significant increases in phosphorylation of ERM proteins as well as filopodia formation. Using phosphomimetic and non-phosphorylatable ezrin mutants, we show that the S1P-induced cytoskeletal protrusions are dependent on ERM phosphorylation. Employing various pharmacological S1PR (S1P receptor) agonists and antagonists, along with siRNA (small interfering RNA) techniques and genetic knockout approaches, we identify the S1PR2 as the specific and necessary receptor to induce phosphorylation of ERM proteins and subsequent filopodia formation. Taken together, the results demonstrate a novel mechanism by which S1P regulates cellular architecture that requires S1PR2 and subsequent phosphorylation of ERM proteins.
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