Journal
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
Volume 409, Issue -, Pages 349-355Publisher
PORTLAND PRESS LTD
DOI: 10.1042/BJ20071196
Keywords
apoptosis; atherosclerosis; lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1); oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL); scavenger receptor
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Funding
- British Heart Foundation [PG/06/141/21879] Funding Source: Medline
- Wellcome Trust Funding Source: Medline
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Scavenger receptors are membrane glycoproteins that bind diverse ligands including lipid particles, phospholipids, apoptotic cells and pathogens. LOX-1 (lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1) is increasingly linked to atherosclerotic plaque formation. Transgenic mouse models for LOX-1 overexpression or gene knockout suggests that LOX-1 contributes to atherosclerotic plaque formation and progression. LOX1 activation by oxidized LDL (low-density lipoprotein) binding stimulates intracellular signalling, gene expression and production of superoxide radicals. A key question is the role of leucocyte LOX-1 in pro-atherogenic lipid particle trafficking, accumulation and signalling leading to differentiation into foam cells, necrosis and plaque development. LOX-1 expression is elevated within vascular lesions and a serum soluble LOX1 fragment appears diagnostic of patients with acute coronary syndromes. LOX-1 is increasingly viewed as a vascular disease biomarker and a potential therapeutic target in heart attack and stroke prevention.
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