Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PERIODONTOLOGY
Volume 28, Issue 6, Pages 499-507Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.028006499.x
Keywords
antibiotics; antiseptics; dental plaque; disinfection; microbiology; periodontal therapy; periodontitis; prevention; root planing; scaling; subgingival application; translocation
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Background: Although periodontitis has a multi-factorial aetiology, the success of its therapy mainly focuses on the eradication/reduction of the exogenous/endogenous periodontopathogens. Most of the species colonise several niches within the oral cavity (e.g. the mucosae, the tongue, the saliva, the periodontal pockets and all intra-oral hard surfaces) and even in the ore-pharyngeal area (e.g., the sinus and the tonsils). Methods: This review article discusses the intra-oral transmission of periodontopathogens between these niches and analyses clinical studies that support the idea and importance of such an intra-oral translocation. Results and conclusions: Based on the literature, the ore-pharyngal area should indeed be considered as a microbiological entity. Because untreated pockets jeopardise the healing of recently instrumented sites, the treatment of periodontitis should involve a one stage approach of all pathologic pockets (I-stage full-mouth disinfection) or should at least consider the use of antiseptics during the intervals between consecutive instrumentations, in order to prevent a microbial translocation of periodontopathogens during the healing period. For the same reason, regeneration procedures or the local application of antibiotics should be postponed until a maximal improvement has been obtained in the remaining dentition. This more global approach offers significant additional clinical and microbiological benefits.
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