Journal
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
Volume 181, Issue -, Pages 52-65Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-065X.2001.1810104.x
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI47900] Funding Source: Medline
- PHS HHS [R37 36900] Funding Source: Medline
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Natural killer (NK)-cell function is regulated by NK receptors that recognize MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules on target cells. Two structurally distinct families of NK receptors have been identified, the immunoglobulin-like family (killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs), leukocyte immunoglobulin-ne receptors (LIRs)) and the C-type lectin-like family (Ly49, CD94/NKG2A, NKG2D, CD69). Recently, the three-dimensional structures of several NK receptors were determined, in free form or bound to MHC-I. These include those of unbound KIRs, NKG2D, CD69, LIR-1 and the CD94 subunit of the CD94/NKG2A heterodimer. Together, these structures define the basic molecular architecture of both the immunoglobulin-like and C-type lectin-like families of NK receptors. In addition, crystal structures hive been reported for the complex between Ly49A and H-2D(d), and for KIRDL2 bound to HLA-Cw3. The complex structures provide a framework for understanding MHC-I recognition by NK receptors from both families and reveal striking differences in the nature of this recognition, despite the receptors' functional similarity.
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