Luttinger-model approach to interacting one-dimensional fermions in a harmonic trap

A model of interacting one-dimensional fermions confined to a harmonic trap is proposed. The model is treated analytically to all orders of the coupling constant by a method analogous to that used for the Luttinger model. As a first application, the particle density is evaluated and the behavior of Friedel oscillations under the influence of interactions is studied. It is found that attractive interactions tend to suppress the Friedel oscillations, while strong repulsive interactions enhance the Friedel oscillations significantly. The momentum distribution function and the relation of the model interaction to realistic pair interactions are also discussed.