Journal
PEDIATRIC SURGERY INTERNATIONAL
Volume 17, Issue 5-6, Pages 486-490Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s003830000497
Keywords
limb-body wall defects; extra-embryonic coelom; amnion rupture sequence; vascular disruption; embryonic body folding
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Our presentation of four cases demonstrates the essential features of limb-body wall complex (LBWC), representing a compound anomaly pattern in body-wall defects. The diagnosis of this entity is based on two of the three following characteristics: (1) exencephaly/encephalocele and facial clefts; (2) thoraco- and/or abdominoschisis; and (3) limb defects. A definite association with internal anomalies and severe kyphoscoliosis makes a more distinct concept of the pathogenesis reasonable. Limb-body wall malformations result from a malfunction of the ectodermal placodes involving the early embryonic folding process. The poor prognosis of LBWC calls for early antenatal diagnosis.
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