Journal
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
Volume 16, Issue 7, Pages 372-380Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
DOI: 10.1016/S0169-5347(01)02198-X
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The ecological hypothesis of speciation is that reproductive isolation evolves ultimately as a consequence of divergent natural selection on traits between environments. Ecological speciation is general and might occur in allopatry or sympatry. involve many agents of natural selection, and result from a combination of adaptive processes. The main difficulty of the ecological hypothesis has been the scarcity of examples from nature, but several potential cases have recently emerged. I review the mechanisms that give rise to new species by divergent selection, compare ecological speciation with its alternatives, summarize recent tests in nature, and highlight areas requiring research.
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