Journal
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 507, Issue 1-2, Pages 177-184Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0728(01)00363-1
Keywords
urea formation; gas-diffusion electrode; phthalocyanine catalyst; electroreduction; carbon dioxide; nitrite ions
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Simultaneous reduction of carbon dioxide and nitrite ions was investigated at gas-diffusion electrodes with various metallophthalocyanine (M-Pe, M: Cr, Mo, Mn, Ru, Co, Rh, Ir, Ni, Pd, Pt, Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, In, TI, Sn and Pb) catalysts. The formation of urea, CO, formic acid and ammonia at the gas-diffusion electrodes with Group 8-14 catalysts, except for Al and Ge, was found in the simultaneous reduction. The maximum current efficiency of urea formation is about 40% at - 1.5 V on Ni-Pc catalysts. The formation of urea at the gas-diffusion electrodes with Group 4-7 catalysts was not found in the simultaneous reduction of CO2 and nitrite. The ability for urea formation with the catalysts depends on the ability for CO and NH, formation. The catalysts with high ability for CO and NH, formation could form large amounts of CO-like and ammonia-like precursors. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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