Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 293, Issue 5530, Pages 663-668Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.1062527
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We have used an extension of our slow light technique to provide a method for inducing small density defects in a Bose-Einstein condensate. These subresolution, micrometer-sized defects evolve into large-amplitude sound waves. We present an experimental observation and theoretical investigation of the resulting breakdown of superfluidity, and we observe directly the decay of the narrow density defects into solitons, the onset of the snake instability, and the subsequent nucleation of vortices.
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