Journal
MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
Volume 46, Issue 2, Pages 272-281Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.1188
Keywords
contrast-enhanced MRI; water residence time; myocardial perfusion; brain perfusion
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Measurement of myocardial and brain perfusion when using exogenous contrast agents (CAs) such as gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) and MRI is affected by the diffusion of water between compartments. This water exchange may have an impact on signal enhancement, or, equivalently, on the longitudinal relaxation rate, and could therefore cause a systematic error in the calculation of perfusion (F) or the perfusion-related parameter, the unidirectional influx constant over the capillary membranes (K-j). The aim of this study was to quantify the effect of water exchange on estimated perfusion (F or K-j) by using a realistic simulation. These results were verified by in vivo studies of the heart and brain in humans. The conclusion is that water exchange between the vascular and extravascular extracellular space has no effect on K-j estimation in the myocardium when a normal dose of Gd-DTPA is used. Water exchange can have a significant effect on perfusion estimation (F) in the brain when using Gd-DTPA, where it acts as an intravascular contrast agent. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
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