On the stability of thin-anodic-oxide films of titanium in acid phosphoric media

The stability of anodic films potentiodynamically grown on titanium in buffered aqueous phosphoric acid solutions (1 less than or equal to pH less than or equal to 5), up to low voltages (1.0-5.0 V) and at room temperature, was investigated. The anodization rate for these very thin films was determined by using purely electrochemical methods and found to be about 2.5 nm V(-1), independently of the electrolyte pH. The anodic titanium oxide was characterized through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.