Journal
BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Volume 9, Issue -, Pages 2434-2445Publisher
BEILSTEIN-INSTITUT
DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.281
Keywords
biosynthesis; enzyme; hexose; microorganism; rare sugars
Categories
Funding
- Natural Science Foundation of China Project [21302069]
- Key Grant Project of Chinese Ministry of Education [313027]
- Self-Determined Research Program of Jiangnan University [JUSRP1003]
- Open Project Program of the Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology (Ministry of Education, China) [KLIB-KF201206]
- RISE (Research Initiative for Summer Engagement) Program of University of South Carolina
- ASPIRE (Advanced Support for Innovative Research Excellence) Program of University of South Carolina
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Rare sugars, referred to as monosaccharides and their derivatives that rarely exist in nature, can be applied in many areas ranging from foodstuffs to pharmaceutical and nutrition industry, or as starting materials for various natural products and drug candidates. Unfortunately, an important factor restricting the utilization of rare sugars is their limited availability, resulting from limited synthetic methods. Nowadays, microbial and enzymatic transformations have become a very powerful tool in this field. This article reviews the biosynthesis and enzymatic production of rare ketohexoses, aldohexoses and sugar alcohols (hexitols), including D-tagatose, D-psicose, D-sorbose, L-tagatose, L-fructose, 1-deoxy-L-fructose, D-allose, L-glucose, L-talose, D-gulose, L-galactose, L-fucose, allitol, D-talitol, and L-sorbitol. New systems and robust catalysts resulting from advancements in genomics and bioengineering are also discussed.
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