Journal
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
Volume 186, Issue 3, Pages 141-153Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/S0927-7757(00)00541-0
Keywords
lignosulfonates; kraft lignins; oil/water emulsions; conductivity measurements; creaming rates; emulsion stability; video-enhanced microscopy; droplet size distributions; rheology; electrolyte effects
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The emulsifying properties of two lignosulfonate (LS) fractions and one Kraft lignin fraction were studied under different experimental conditions. A method utilizing the conductivity of aqueous dispersions and the volume fraction dispersed phase was used to study the creaming rates of the emulsions. The electrical conductivities were measured in the upper and the lower part of the emulsions, respectively, in order to determine creaming rates. Video-enhanced microscopy (VEM) pictures were used to characterize the droplets, and droplet size distributions (DSD). The stability against creaming, coalescence and flocculation was studied and it was found that the properties of the interfacial films containing LS were strongly affected by trivalent aluminum, ferric and chromium ions. The bulk viscosities of the emulsions were determined for emulsions with different stabilities. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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