Journal
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
Volume 208, Issue 1, Pages 144-148Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2009.11.030
Keywords
Cue; Heroin; Reinstatement; Relapse; Self-administration; Stress; Yohimbine
Categories
Funding
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) [DA015369, DA021690, K23 DA021228]
- NIH [C06 RR015455]
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Stress and drug-associated cues can trigger craving and relapse in abstinent drug-dependent individuals. Although the role of these two critical factors in relapse has been extensively studied, the interaction between stress and drug-associated cues in relapse has been less well characterized. Using an animal model of relapse, we assessed the effects of the pharmacological stressor, yohimbine (1.25 or 2.5 mg/kg), on reinstatement of extinguished heroin-seeking in rats either in the presence or absence of heroin-associated cues. Yohimbine, in the absence of heroin-associated cues, and cues by themselves reliably reinstated heroin-seeking over extinction levels. Notably, animals showed significantly potentiated responding when yohimbine preceded cue-induced reinstatement (3-4x higher over cues or yohimbine alone). These results demonstrate that exposure to heroin-paired cues during yohimbine-induced stress greatly potentiates heroin-seeking, and support the simultaneous targeting of both stress and cue activation during relapse intervention. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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