The role of collagen-derived proteolytic fragments in angiogenesis

Basement membrane molecules and fragments derived from them are regulators of biological activities such as cell growth, differentiation and migration. This review describes proteolytically derived fragments from the non-collagenous (NCI) domain at the C-terminus of the basement membrane collagens type IV, XV and XVIII, which have been implicated as regulators of angiogenesis. Endostatin is an endogenous collagen XVIII/NC1 derivative, inhibiting endothelial cell proliferation and migration in vitro and tumor-growth in vivo. A homologous NCI domain fragment of type XV collagen has anti-angiogenic activity as well. Furthermore, NCI domain fragments of the most abundant basement membrane collagen, type IV collagen, have been shown to inhibit induced vessel growth. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. /International Society of Matrix Biology. All rights reserved.