Journal
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
Volume 195, Issue 1, Pages 97-110Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/path.890
Keywords
imprinting; methylation; cancer; Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome; Prader-Willi syndrome; Angelman syndrome
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Changes in DNA methylation profiles are common features of development and in a number of human diseases, such as cancer and imprinting disorders like Beckwith-Wiedemann and Prader-Willi/Angelman syndromes. This suggests that DNA methylation is required for proper gene regulation during development and in differentiated tissues and has clinical relevance. DNA methylation is also involved in X-chromosome inactivation and the allele-specific silencing of imprinted genes. This review describes possible mechanisms by which DNA methylation can regulate gene expression, using imprinted genes as examples. The molecular basis of methylation-mediated gene regulation is related to changes in chromatin structure and appears to be similar for both imprinted and biallelically expressed genes. Copyright (C) 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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