Journal
BASIC RESEARCH IN CARDIOLOGY
Volume 103, Issue 2, Pages 122-130Publisher
DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG
DOI: 10.1007/s00395-008-0710-7
Keywords
molecular; imaging; MRI; nanoparticles; iron oxide; cardiovascular
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R24-CA92782, P01CA117969-015904, R24 CA092782] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [U01 HL080731, K08 HL079984, R01HL07864, K08 HL079984-03, T32 HL007864, U01HL080731] Funding Source: Medline
- NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB004626, R01EB004626] Funding Source: Medline
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R24CA092782, P01CA117969] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [U01HL080731, T32HL007864, K08HL079984] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF BIOMEDICAL IMAGING AND BIOENGINEERING [R01EB004626] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Magnetic nanoparticles (MNP) are playing an increasingly important role in cardiovascular molecular imaging. These agents are superparamagnetic and consist of a central core of iron-oxide surrounded by a carbohydrate or polymer coat. The size, physical properties and pharmacokinetics of MNP make them highly suited to cellular and molecular imaging of atherosclerotic plaque and myocardial injury. MNP have a sensitivity in the nanomolar range and can be detected with T1, T2, T2*, off resonance and steady state free precession sequences. Targeted imaging with MNP is being actively explored and can be achieved through either surface modification or through the attachment of an affinity ligand to the nanoparticle. First generation MNP are already in clinical use and second generation agents, with longer blood half lives, are likely to be approved for routine clinical use in the near future.
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