Journal
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Volume 184, Issue 8, Pages 964-971Publisher
UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
DOI: 10.1086/323551
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI-32121, AI-22667, AI-65289] Funding Source: Medline
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There remains a lack of agreement on the effect of antiviral therapy on herpes simplex virus (HSV) latency and subsequent reactivation. To gain insight into this important issue, a single-cell polymerase chain reaction assay was used to quantify the effects of high-dose acyclovir on latent infection in a mouse model. Treatment with 50 mg/kg of acyclovir every 8 h reduced the number of latently infected neurons by > 90% when treatment was begun before 24 h after infection and by 80% and 70% when begun at 48 or 72 h after infection, respectively. The biologic significance of these reductions was evaluated by using a well-established in vivo reactivation model. The number of animals in which virus reactivated was reduced significantly, even when acyclovir therapy was delayed until 72 h after infection, a time when animals had developed lesions. These findings indicate that potent antiviral therapy during early primary HSV infection can reduce the magnitude of the latent infection, such that a significant decrease in reactivation is observed.
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