Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
Volume 105, Issue 42, Pages 10249-10256Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jp012838u
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Results are presented for flame synthesis of metal-catalyzed carbon nanotubes. A thermal evaporation technique is used to create the catalyst nanoparticles of Fe or Ni through gas condensation followed by entrainment into the flame. Results are compared with those using a high-temperature tube furnace to provide the reactive environment. Each system yields consistent results, with CO/H2 mixtures generally yielding single-walled nanotubes (SWNTs) with Fe while C2H2/H2 mixtures usually produce multiwalled nanotubes (MWNTs) with Ni. A ternary gas mixture of CO/C2/H2 produces a better yield of nanofibers than either a COM2 or C2H2/H2 mixture at 700 degreesC with Ni catalyst. Our results reflect a combination or possibly a synergy between thermal- plus adsorbate-induced restructuring and adsorbate-particle steric factors affecting particle structure and reactivity.
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