Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 7, Issue 9, Pages 5598-5604Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b00861
Keywords
Na-ion battery; hard carbon; polyvinyl chloride nanofiber; electrospinning
Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China [2015CB251100]
- Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University [NCET-13-0033]
- Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Power Battery and Chemical Energy Materials
- U.S. Department of Energy by UChicago Argonne, LLC [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- State Scholarship Fund of the China Scholarship Council [201406035025]
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Two types of hard carbon materials were synthesized through direct pyrolysis of commercial polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles and pyrolysis of PVC nanofibers at 600-800 degrees C, respectively, where the nanofibers were prepared by an electrospinning PVC precursors method. These as-prepared hard carbon samples were used as anode materials for Na-ion batteries. The hard carbon obtained from PVC nanofibers achieved a high reversible capacity of 271 mAh/g and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 69.9%, which were much superior to the one from commercial PVC, namely, a reversible capacity of 206 mAh/g and an initial Coulombic efficiency of 60.9%. In addition, the hard carbon originated from the PVC nanofibers exhibited good cycling stability and rate performance: the initial discharge capacities were 389, 228, 194, 178, 147 mAh/g at the current density of 12, 24, 60, 120, and 240 mA/g, respectively, retaining 211 mAh/g after 150 cycles. Such excellent cycle performance, high reversible capacity, and good rate capability enabled this hard carbon to be a promising candidate as anode material for Na-ion battery application.
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