Journal
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
Volume 27, Issue 5, Pages 393-398Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S0160-4120(01)00097-6
Keywords
waste ashes; rare earth elements; distribution; crust-normalized pattern; soil
Categories
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Selected chemical characteristics of rare earth elements (REEs) in 89 waste ash samples, including food scrap ashes (FSA), animal waste ashes (AWA), horticulture waste ashes (HWA), sewage sludge ashes (SSA) and incinerator bottom ashes (113A), were examined in this study. The results showed that Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Dy, Yb, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu in the waste ash samples were normally distributed, but Sc, Sm, Eu, Gd, Th were not. Average REE concentrations followed the sequence of Ce > La equal sign with dot above and below Y > Sc > Nd > Sm > Pr > Gd > Dy > Eu > Tb > Er > Yb > Ho > Lu > Tm. Of the five types of waste ashes, total REE contents (Sigma REE) ranged from 54 to 130 mg/kg, following the sequence of SSA > HWA > IBA > AWA > FSA; individual REE concentrations were within 0.04-20, 0.1-29, 0.2-33, 0.1-44 and 0.01-41 mg/kg for FSA, AWA, HWA, SSA and IBA, respectively. Crust-normalized REE patterns indicated that SSA was enriched with Sc, Sm, Eu, Gd, Th and slightly enriched with La, Ce; IBA was enriched with Eu, Th and slightly with La, Y, Ce; FSA was slightly enriched with Sm, Eu, Th; REEs were not found to be elevated in HWA and AWA. Comparison of REE content in the waste ashes and in six principal Japanese agricultural soils indicated that application of FSA, AWA and HWA to agricultural land will cause no REE problem, but continuous application of SSA or IBA may cause Sc, Sm or Eu accumulation in some of the soils. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available