Journal
AUTOPHAGY
Volume 5, Issue 4, Pages 576-577Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.4161/auto.5.4.8366
Keywords
autophagy; cross-presentation; tumor antigens; adaptive immune response; T cells; proteasome
Categories
Funding
- Providence Portland Medical Foundation
- American Cancer Society [LIB-106810]
- Human Services Public Health Service [R01CA107243, CA 080964, R43 CA121612]
- NIH
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [300771 999]
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Cross-presentation of exogenous antigens by host professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) plays a pivotal role in the initiation and development of T-cell immune responses to tumor-associated antigens, including self or mutated self-antigens derived from tumor cells, and foreign antigens derived from infectious agents. Cross-presentation requires multiple steps that involve the antigens' synthesis and compartmentalization in donor cells, packaging and delivery, and processing and presentation by MHC class I molecules on professional APCs. The intricate pathways that lead to protein degradation and the formation of MHC I-peptide complexes inside the APC are well documented for both soluble and particulate antigens. However, much less is known about how cross-presentation is regulated by the protein degradation pathways in antigen-donor cells (ADCs), including autophagy-mediated lysosomal proteolysis and proteasomal degradation. The exact nature or form of the antigens derived from donor cells at the time of delivery to the APC for cross-presentation is very controversial.
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