Journal
AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL
Volume 151, Issue 1, Pages 46-60Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2009.08.009
Keywords
Sympathetic neurons; Autonomic; Cholinergic; Noradrenergic; Co-transmission; Firing properties; Ion channels; M-current; Potassium channels; Neurotrophins; NGF; BDNF; TrkA; p75
Categories
Funding
- NICHD NIH HHS [R01 HD042716-01A2, R01 HD042716-03, R01 HD042716, R01 HD042716-05, R01 HD042716-02, R01 HD042716-04] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS040168, R01 NS040168-01, R01 NS040168-03, R01 NS040168-02, R01 NS040168-05, R01 NS040168-04] Funding Source: Medline
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The electrical and synaptic properties of neurons are essential for determining the function of the nervous system. Thus, understanding the mechanisms that control the appropriate developmental acquisition and maintenance of these properties is a critical problem in neuroscience. A great deal of our understanding of these developmental mechanisms comes from studies of soluble growth factor signaling between cells in the peripheral nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system has provided a model for studying the role of these factors both in early development and in the establishment of mature properties. In particular, neurotrophins produced by the targets of sympathetic innervation regulate the synaptic and electro-physiological properties of postnatal sympathetic neurons. In this review we examine the role of neurotrophin signaling in the regulation of synaptic strength, neurotransmitter phenotype, voltage-gated currents and repetitive firing properties of sympathetic neurons. Together, these properties determine the level of sympathetic drive to target organs such as the heart. Changes in this sympathetic drive, which may be linked to dysfunctions in neurotrophin signaling, are associated with devastating diseases such as high blood pressure, arrhythmias and heart attack. Neurotrophins appear to play similar roles in modulating the synaptic and electrical properties of other peripheral and central neuronal systems, suggesting that information provided from studies in the sympathetic nervous system will be widely applicable for understanding the neurotrophic regulation of neuronal function in other systems. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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