4.2 Article

Assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential in yeast cell populations by flow cytometry

Journal

MICROBIOLOGY-SGM
Volume 147, Issue -, Pages 3335-3343

Publisher

MICROBIOLOGY SOC
DOI: 10.1099/00221287-147-12-3335

Keywords

mitochondrial functionality; flow cytometry; rhodamine 123; whole yeast cells

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In yeast the use of rhodamine 123 (Rh123) has been restricted to the evaluation of mitochondrial respiratory function including the discrimination between respiratory-competent and -deficient cells. This study describes the optimization and validation of a low-concentration Rh123 staining protocol for the flow-cytometric assessment of mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta Psim) changes in whole yeast cells. The optimized protocol was validated by the use of compounds that specifically affect mitochondrial energetics. Epifluorescence microscopy was used to monitor Rh123 distribution within the cell. Incubation of yeast cell suspensions with Rh123 (50 nM, 10 min) gave minimal non-specific binding and cytotoxicity of the dye. The ratio (R) between the green fluorescence and forward scatter (both measured as log values) was used to measure Delta Psim with only little dependence on cell 'volume' and mitochondrial concentration. Cells treated with mitochondrial membrane de-or hyper-polarizing agents displayed a decrease and an increase of R values respectively, indicating that changes of the Rh123 distribution in cells indicate variations in the Delta Psim. Live and dead cells also displayed significantly different R values. The method described here allows assessment of Delta Psim changes in whole yeast cells in response to a given drug. Moreover, the relationship between drug effects and disorders of mitochondrial energetics might be addressed.

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