Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORT NUTRITION AND EXERCISE METABOLISM
Volume 11, Issue -, Pages S119-S127Publisher
HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC
DOI: 10.1123/ijsnem.11.s1.s119
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR00585] Funding Source: Medline
- NIA NIH HHS [R01-AG09531] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [T32-DK07352] Funding Source: Medline
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Loss of muscle mass, strength, and oxidative capacity accompanies normal aging in humans. The mechanisms responsible for these changes remain to be clearly defined. Muscle protein mass and function depend on protein turnover. Synthesis rate of the major muscle contractile protein, myosin heavy chain (MHC), and transcript levels of fast MHC isoforms decrease in association with strength reductions, while mitochondrial protein synthesis rate declines in parallel with activities of mitochondrial enzymes and maximal oxidative capacity ((V)over dotO(2max)). Resistance exercise training increases the synthesis rate of MHC and transcript levels of the slow MHC isoform in older humans, along with increasing muscle strength. The relationship between the synthesis of muscle proteins, and muscle size and function, with aging and exercise training are discussed in this review.
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