Journal
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
Volume 5, Issue 1, Pages 62-69Publisher
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/S1369-5274(02)00287-4
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The astounding adjuvanticity and Th1-polarizing immunobiology of bacterial CpG-DNA and mimicking CpG-oligonucleotides continue to mirror promising therapeutic potential. The past year has witnessed some particularly impressive progress in knowledge of its molecular mode of action. Accordingly, CpG-DNA acts as a 'pathogen-associated' molecular pattern that is recognized by TLR9 expressed, in particular, by dendritic cells. Interactions between CpG-DNA and TLR9 rapidly activate antigen-presenting dendritic cells through the ancient Toll/IL-1-receptor signaling pathway to upregulate co-stimulatory molecules and to produce Th1 -polarizing cytokines, such as interleukin-12 and interleukin-18. Thus, interactions between CpG-DNA and TLRg effectively bridge innate and acquired immunity.
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