Journal
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
Volume 49, Issue 1, Pages 36-46Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0004867414557161
Keywords
Depression; Amyloid-beta; Alzheimer's disease
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Objective: Depression has been shown to be a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and in older adults may provide a marker for the beginning of the prodromal phase of AD. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the relationship between amyloid- (A), a key biomarker of AD, and depression in older adults. Method: The literature search was limited to studies conducted from 2006 to 2014 that were published in English in peer-reviewed journals. Studies were selected if they included a group of older adults who either met established criteria for Major Depressive Disorder or Dysthymia; or were assessed for depressive symptoms on a standardised measure. Studies were also required to include an outcome variable that was a direct measure of A levels in either blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, or via neuroimaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET). Results: Nineteen studies were identified, 15 of which found significant differences in A levels between depressed and non-depressed older adults. However, studies were limited by their cross-sectional design, reliance on blood-based measures of A, and potential sample bias. Conclusions: Future investigations should consider prospective longitudinal design using neuroimaging and CSF measures of A.
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