Journal
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
Volume 50, Issue 9, Pages 2494-2501Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/jf0113631
Keywords
zearalenone; metabolism; zeranol; zearalanol; zearalenol; zearalanone; pigs; feeding study
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The content of zearalenone and its metabolites in urine and tissue samples from pigs fed zearalenone-contaminated oats was established by analytical methods combining solid-phase extraction cleanup of the samples with highly selective liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)/MS detection. Investigation of the urine samples revealed that approximately 60% of zearalenone was transformed in vivo to a-zearalenol and its epimer beta-zearalenol in a mean ratio of 3:1. Zeranol and taleranol as further metabolites could only be detected in trace amounts. Zearalanone was identified at considerable concentrations, though only in a couple of samples, In contrast, liver samples contained predominantly a-zearalenol, and to a minor extent beta-zearalenol and zearalenone, with a mean ratio of alpha-/beta-zearalenol of 2.5:1, while zeranol, taleranol, or zearalanone could not be identified in any of the investigated samples. The degree of glucoronidation was established for zearalenone as 27% in urine and 62% in liver; for alpha-zearalenol as 88% in urine and 77% in liver-, and for beta-zearalenol as 94% in urine and 29% in liver. Analyses of muscle tissue revealed relatively high amounts of nonglucuronidated zeranol and a-zearalenol together with traces of taleranol and zearalenone, indicating that the metabolism of zearalenone and its metabolites is not restricted to hepatic and gastrointestinal metabolic pathways.
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