Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 99, Issue -, Pages 6466-6470Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.022532599
Keywords
molecular dynamics simulation; molecular recognition; bio-nano conjugate; pi-stackings
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This is a multinanosecond molecular dynamics study of a bio-nano complex formed by a carbon nanoparticle, a buckyball C-60, and a biological molecule, an antibody, with high binding affinity and specificity. in the simulation, the ball is completely desolvated by the binding site of the antibody by means of a nearly perfect shape complementarity and extensive side-chain interactions, with the exception that about 17% of the surface is persistently exposed to solvent and could be used for functional derivatization. The interactions are predominantly hydrophobic, but significant polar interactions occur as well. There exists a rich body of various pi-stacking interactions. Aromatic side chains are involved in both double and triple stackings with the ball. Some ionic side chains, such as the guanidinium group of arginine, also form pi-stackings with the ball. The results suggest that pi-stackings are very efficient and common modes of biological recognition of pi-electron-rich carbon nanoparticles. Most importantly, the results demonstrate that, in general, an ordinary protein binding site, such as that of an antibody, can readily bind to a carbon nanoparticle with high affinity and specificity through recognition modes that are common in protein-ligand recognition.
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