Journal
AUK
Volume 128, Issue 4, Pages 759-769Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1525/auk.2011.11106
Keywords
Carolina Wren; ecotoxicology; mercury; nest success; point-source pollution; Thryothorus ludovicianus; Virginia
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Funding
- E.I. DuPont de Nemours and Company
- Olin Corporation
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Despite mounting evidence of mercury accumulation in terrestrial ecosystems, few data exist on how environmental mercury exposure affects reproductive success in free-living songbirds. From 2007 through 2010, we monitored reproductive success of Carolina Wrens (Thryothorus ludovicianus) breeding along the forest floodplain of two mercury-contaminated rivers in Virginia. Using an information-theoretic approach, we found a 34% reduction in nesting success of Carolina Wrens on mercury-contaminated sites when compared with reference sites. Blood mercury concentration of the attending female was a strong predictor of nest success. Birds nesting on contaminated sites were 3x more likely to abandon their nests than birds on uncontaminated reference sites. We report a range of effects concentrations associated with various levels of reproductive impairment; for example, a 10% reduction in nest success corresponded with 0.7 mu g g(-1) mercury in the blood, 2.4 mu g g(-1) mercury in body feathers, 3.0 mu g g(-1) mercury in tail feathers, and 0.11 mu g g(-1) mercury in eggs. This is the first field study to document the effect of specific adult songbird blood mercury concentrations on breeding performance; our results show that free-living songbirds can suffer negative reproductive effects at relatively low mercury concentrations. Received 13 May 2011, accepted 23 August 2011.
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