The epidemiology of falls and syncope

Falls and syncope are two common and interrelated geriatric syndromes that cause considerable mortality and morbidity among older persons. Multiple causes and predisposing risk factors have been identified for both falls and syncope, which makes diagnosis, treatment, and particularly prevention of these two syndromes difficult clinical challenges. The most promising prevention strategies for both falls and syncope involve identifying individuals at increased risk and implementing appropriate interventions. This article provides an overview of the epidemiology of falls and syncope in both community living and institutionalized older adults and reviews the most common causes and risk factors.