Journal
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
Volume 94, Issue 2, Pages 194-202Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosres.2009.05.009
Keywords
Black carbon; Temporal variation; Seasonal change; Diurnal variation; Meteorological parameters; Urban atmosphere
Categories
Funding
- Chinese National Science Foundation [40675081, 40875089]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences [KZCX2-YW-148]
- Desert Research Institute
- Nazir and Mary Anzari Foundation
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Aerosol black carbon (BC) was measured every 5 min at Van, China from September 2003 to August 2005. Daily BC concentrations ranged from 2 to 65 mu g m(-3), averaging 14.7 +/- 9.5 mu g m(-3) and displayed clear summer minima and winter maxima. BC typically peaked between 0800 and 1000 LST and again between 2000 and 2200 LST, corresponding with morning and evening traffic combined with nighttime residential cooking and heating. The nocturnal peak was especially evident in winter, when more domestic heating is used and pollutant-trapping surface-inversions form earlier than in summer. BC frequency distributions the most commonly occurring concentrations occurred between 5 and 10 mu g m(-3) in all four seasons. BC ranged from 1.6% and 15.6%, and averaged 8.3% of PM2.5. A clear inverse relationship between BC and wind speed (WS) was found when WS was below 2.5 to 3.0 m s(-1), implying a local origin for BC. Mixed layer depths (MLDs) were shallower during BC episodes compared to cleaner conditions. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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