Journal
PHYSICS LETTERS B
Volume 536, Issue 1-2, Pages 43-48Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/S0370-2693(02)01819-1
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Recently, Brodsky, Hwang and Schmidt have proposed a new mechanism that gives a transverse spin symmetry at leading twist in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering. I show that the new mechanism is compatible with factorization and is due to a transverse-spin asymmetry in the k(T) distribution of quarks in a hadron (the Sivers asymmetry). An earlier proof that the Sivers asymmetry vanishes because of time-reversal invariance is invalidated by the path-ordered exponential of the gluon field in the operator definition of parton densities. Instead, the time-reversal argument shows that the Sivers asymmetry is reversed in sign in hadron-induced hard processes (e.g., Drell-Yan), thereby violating naive universality of parton densities. Previous phenomenology with time-reversal-odd parton densities is therefore validated. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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