Journal
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 118, Issue 9, Pages 1172-1180Publisher
AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01122.2014
Keywords
HIT; exercise; metabolism; skeletal muscle; glucose uptake
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Funding
- Academy of Finland
- University of Turku
- Abo Akademi University
- Academy of Finland [251399, 251572, 256470, 281440, 283319]
- Paavo Nurmi Foundation
- Finnish Cultural Foundation
- Novo Nordisk Foundation
- European Foundation
- Hospital District of Southwest Finland
- Orion Research Foundation
- Finnish Cardiovascular Foundation
- Finnish Diabetes Foundation
- Ministry of Education of the State of Finland
- Turku University Hospital
- Novo Nordisk Fonden [NNF13OC0004987] Funding Source: researchfish
- Academy of Finland (AKA) [251572] Funding Source: Academy of Finland (AKA)
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We tested the hypothesis that sprint interval training (SIT) causes larger improvements in glucose and free fatty acid uptake (FFAU) in lower and upper body muscles than moderate-intensity training (MIT). Twenty-eight healthy, untrained, middle-aged men were randomized into SIT (n = 14, 4-6 x 30 s of all-out cycling/4 min recovery) and MIT groups [n = 14, 40-60 min cycling at 60% of peak O-2 uptake (VO2 peak)] and completed six training sessions within 2 wk. Pre-and post measurements included VO2 (peak), whole body (M-value), muscle-specific insulin- stimulated glucose uptake (GU), and fasting FFAU measured with positron emission tomography in thigh [quadriceps femoris (QF) and hamstrings] and upper body (deltoids, biceps, and triceps brachii) muscles. V-O2 (peak) and M-value improved significantly by 6 and 12% in SIT, and 3 and 8% in MIT, respectively,. GU increased significantly only in the QF, and there was no statistically significant difference between the training modes. GU increased in all four heads of QF in response to SIT, but only in the vasti muscles in response to MIT, whereas in rectus femoris the response was completely lacking. Training response in FFAU in QF was smaller and nonsignificant, but it also differed between the training modes in the rectus femoris. In conclusion, SIT and MIT increased insulin-stimulated GU only in the main working muscle QF and not in the upper body muscles. In addition, the biarticular rectus femoris did not respond to moderate intensity training, reflecting most probably poor activation of it during moderate-intensity cycling.
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