Journal
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
Volume 236, Issue 1, Pages 39-46Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.06.002
Keywords
Cardiovascular disease; Periodontitis; Carotid intima-media thickness; Flow-mediated dilatation; Endothelial function
Funding
- UK Clinical Research Collaboration
- Johnson and Johnson Consumer Services EAME Limited
- Department of Health's National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centres
- Medical Research Council [MR/K006584/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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Objective: This meta-analysis sought to investigate the association between carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT), flow-mediated dilation (FMD) and periodontitis (PD) and to assess the effect of periodontal treatment on c-IMT and FMD. Methods: Electronic database searching, hand searching of bibliographic references of included papers, related reviews, and journals in relation to oral, cardiovascular and ultrasound imaging field was carried out. Random effects meta-analyses were performed to investigate the association of co-existence of increased c-IMT, impaired FMD and PD with potential changes in these variables following periodontal intervention. Results: 2009 citations and 101 full text articles were screened, with 35 meeting the review inclusion criteria of which 22 suitable for quantitative analysis. Meta-analysis demonstrated that the diagnosis of PD was associated with a mean increase in c-IMT of 0.08 mm (95% C.I. = 0.07-0.09) and a mean difference in FMD of 5.1% compared to controls (95% C.I. = 2.08-8.11%). A meta-analysis of the effects of periodontal treatment on FMD showed a mean improvement of 6.64% between test and control (95% C.I. = 2.83-10.44%). Conclusions: This review demonstrated an association between increased c-IMT, impaired FMD and PD. Data from intervention studies suggested a beneficial effect of periodontal treatment on FMD indicating an improvement in endothelial function. The findings support investigation of periodontitis treatment on cardiovascular outcomes. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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