Journal
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
Volume 70, Issue 7, Pages 3479-3492Publisher
AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
DOI: 10.1128/IAI.70.7.3479-3492.2002
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [5 P51 RR00165-40, P51 RR000165] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI024710, R01 AI24710-15] Funding Source: Medline
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Clinical trials of malaria vaccines have confirmed that parasite-derived T-cell epitopes are required to elicit consistent and long-lasting immune responses. We report here the identification and functional characterization of six T-cell epitopes that are present in the merozoite surface protein-1 of Plasmodium vivax (PvMSP-1) and bind promiscuously to four different HLA-DRBI* alleles. Each of these peptides induced lymphoproliferative responses in cells from individuals with previous P. vivax infections. Furthermore, linear-peptide chimeras containing the promiscuous PvMSP-1 T-cell epitopes, synthesized in tandem with the Plasmodium falciparum immunodominant circumsporozoite protein (CSP) B-cell epitope, induced high specific antibody titers, cytokine production, long-lasting immune responses, and immunoglobulin G isotype class switching in BALB/c mice. A linear-peptide chimera containing an allele-restricted P. falciparum T-cell epitope with the CSP B-cell epitope was not effective. Two out of the six promiscuous T-cell epitopes exhibiting the highest anti-peptide response also contain B-cell epitopes. Antisera generated against these B-cell epitopes recognize P. vivax merozoites in immunofluoreseence assays. Importantly, the anti-peptide antibodies generated to the CSP B-cell epitope inhibited the invasion of P.falciparum sporozoites into human hepatocytes. These data and the simplicity of design of the chimeric constructs highlight the potential of multimeric, multistage, and multi-species linear-peptide chimeras containing parasite promiscuous T-cell epitopes for malaria vaccine development.
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