Journal
EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
Volume 27, Issue 8, Pages 847-855Publisher
JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
DOI: 10.1002/esp.356
Keywords
runoff; model validation; laboratory experiments; slope length; scale
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Hortonian runoff was measured in the laboratory from uniform slopes of lengths of 1.5, 3.0, and 6.0 m for steady, high-intensity rainstorms with durations of 1.0 to 7.5 min. A clear reduction in runoff per unit slope length was found as slope lengths were increased. This effect becomes more pronounced with decreasing storm duration. The runoff data were used to validate a simple process-based model that combines the Philip-two-term infiltration equation with the kinematic wave overland flow principle. The predicted and experimental results agreed well. Laboratory findings were extrapolated with the aid of the model to slopes and rainfall durations similar to those found under West African conditions. The calculated reduction of runoff per unit length is similar to reported observations. Thus, this process-based model can largely explain the phenomenon of runoff reduction with increasing slope length. Copyright (C) 2002 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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